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Out of nowhere, the new plant of Renault Morocco where a minivan will be produced cheaply dubbed "Lodgy", is facing several challenges, starting with the recruitment of local staff in a countries with no real experience of the automobile.

Illuminated only place several miles around nightfall, the site whose inauguration has sparked controversy on Thursday in Paris on the "Made in France" pushed in the hills stripped of the northern tip of Morocco, poor agricultural country without industrial past.

"Here everything is greenfield," says Paul Carvalho, director of the Renault Tanger fabrications, using the term used to designate a project set up from scratch on a greenfield site. "The plant is greenfield, the fabric supplier also, and even people!"

Paul Carvalho is part of the French expatriates on site to accompany the Moroccan teams that will soon turn the chain of the minivan. "The level of education in Morocco is very good, but the country has no technical knowledge of self," he adds.

Most future senior Moroccan crossed the chain still running have never worked before in the area. Everyone is deputy head of his department, under the command of a French he is called to replace.

"Apart from the small factory Somaca Casablanca, Morocco has no automotive history," said Moulay-Youssef Sbai.

The deputy director of the Institute for training in the automotive industry, funded by the Kingdom of Morocco and installed at the entrance of the site Renault-Nissan, knows whereof he speaks He worked over 15 years in IT, but never in the industry.

CARAVAN OF RECRUITING

If all goes well, soon lead Benmbarek Abdelmoula department assembling the first production line of the plant, although the engineer has made a career in the cement and paper. But at age 43, this jovial big guy here realizes a childhood dream. "My first motivation is the car, I am expert on the history of brands of cars," he says. "Once I knew that a car factory would see the day, I made contact."

Nasro Allah, 37, deputy head of department sheet metal, is one of the few to be of the profession. "For me, this is a new experience," adds this former employee of a subcontractor specializing in automotive wiring around Tangier. "Renault is very experienced and offer career opportunities." To prepare for their positions, both have spent six months training in France at the Flins plant (Yvelines).

Nasro is also part of the minority – 30% of plant personnel – recruited in the vicinity of Tangier. To supplement the workforce – 2,500 employees hired to date, 4000 to the end of 6000 and by 2014-2015 – the leadership has had to expand his research to throughout Morocco with a lot of ads or recruitment caravans that traveled the country to Fez, 300 miles away.

The 70% from other areas sometimes struggle to stay on site, and some have even hired waive sit the plant on the first day of their contract.

"It's a bit difficult, we share a home," admits Sufian, 21, who is destined for the paint shop. At his side, Mohammed, 23, and even white suit, was able to move more easily because it has powerful friends in Tangiers.

Just like Soufian and Mohammed, the strength of the Tangier plant is very young, only thirty years. The average age falls even around 20 years for the only operators, called to work on an automated line with very low – low cost requires – after three months of training .

DISCONTENT ON THE CONTROVERSY IN FRANCE

The vast 300 hectare site is brand new. Align the parking lot of Renault and Fiat in emerging special version not found in France, which will not be the case Lodgy, mainly for export, particularly to Europe.

The land of beds that separate the large premises is freshly turned white and in administrative offices, grouped under the mysterious name of "Building X", the blinds are still missing fene ; very. Homman Mokhtar, executive secretary of Renault Morocco, likes to point out that the bays were clogged with a lot of paper. "It is the building that was done last because there were other priorities," said he, smiling. The training institute and the chain went before.

Asked about the controversy that accompanied the opening in France by Renault, 14 kilometers of European coastline, a plant where the net pay starts at 250 euros, Moroccan future managers are uncomfortable. "I have not followed, I can not say," whispers a deputy head of department before disappearing, reprimanded by his superior French.

Sunday again, Francois Hollande, the Socialist candidate for president, said the French government, which controls 15% stake in Renault, should have objected this project.

On site, the concerns are different. The plant is warming up and getting ready to go in time dramatically. Once the final adjustments on the molds and machines made, stored procedures and actions that should be repeated 44 hours per week under control, the site will spend three months in a rhythm almost motionless for 30 vehicles per day to 30 per hour. Next year, a second line will spit out 60 vehicles per hour, one minute.

"The central Paris – Mr. Carlos Ghosn – gives us a fairly large tolerance to boot properly," said Tunç Basegmez, Turkish director of the Tangier plant. "The creation of the brand 'Made in Morocco' passes by."

If U.S. growth may be the envy of Europe, it resulted in an increase in imports and therefore the trade deficit reached $ 558 billion in 2011. Its highest level since 2008.

A moderate recovery is confirmed in the U.S. … and the trade deficit is widening. In December, imports reached their highest level since July 2008, said Friday the Commerce Department. Is a hole of 48.8 billion dollars against 47.1 billion (revised figure) in the previous month. This is more than the expectations of the analysts.

Over the full year 2011, the U.S. has a trade deficit of $ 558 billion, the highest since 2008. This represents 3.7% of gross domestic product. The trade deficit with China represents more than half of that total. At 295.5 billion dollars, it has largely beaten the record set in 2011.  

The overall trade deficit in December was partly explained by a phenomenon that seems to have widened in 2012: while the U.S. economy has maintained a respectable growth rate and thus increased its imports, the economies of the eurozone declined . This has particularly led to the largest monthly deficit ever recorded with Germany ($ 4.8 billion in December).

U.S. imports have generally increased by 1.3% this month, with among other record imports of capital goods. The trade deficit in petroleum products (24.4 billion) still weighed heavily. The average price per barrel of imported crude oil has exceeded $ 104, increasing by 5% within two months.

Right in the debate on greater involvement of the European Central Bank (ECB) in the rescue of the euro, the institution claimed to have bought nearly 8 billion euros of bonds fragile last week against four, 5 billion the previous week. ECB

The European Central Bank (ECB) announced Monday that it bought nearly 8 billion euros of government bonds on the secondary market over a week against nearly 4.5 billion euros over the previous seven days. The total purchases of the ECB as part of this program, which began in May 2010 when the emergence of the Greek debt crisis, this is close to the threshold of 200 billion euros (194.5 billion euros).

The ECB never gives details of its operations, to know which country and how much it bought the debt.

The European Union has increased the pressure on Sunday in Athens Greece quickly establishes a government of national unity and implement the measures included in the second bailout of the country, saying that membership in the euro area was Thurs

"We called for a national unity government, is convinced that it is the convincing way to restore confidence and to honor commitments," he told Reuters Olli Rehn, European Commissioner for Economic and monetary.

With the announcement of a proposed referendum on the bailout plan, since abandoned, Greece had broken the bond of trust that binds to its European partners last week, which called into question his membership in the euro area, he said.

But the country has apparently abandoned the strategy of the edge, Olli Rehn said in a telephone interview.

"There have been efforts to Athens to restore that trust and we need a compelling report on the subject of the finance minister Evangelos Venizelos tomorrow during the Euro."

The 17 finance ministers of the euro area can be found Monday evening in Brussels for a meeting of the Eurogroup.

NEGOTIATIONS TO ATHENS

Olli Rehn was speaking Greek political parties then negotiated fiercely on Sunday a coalition agreement may prove to other countries in the euro zone as Greece is determined to continue on the path of austerity to avoid bankruptcy.

Over 100,000 taxpayers have disclosed their assets in OECD countries for two years. It reported one billion euros in France. The headquarters of the Cayman National Bank in George Town. The Cayman Islands are in the core of tax havens.

Almost 14 billion euros in tax revenues were collected in the last two years in twenty countries through international agreements concluded in the fight against tax evasion, the OECD said on Tuesday. "There's much more in the pipeline", but assured the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) at the opening of its fourth Global Forum on transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes .

These are, says the OECD, will provide "a substantial contribution to fiscal consolidation without increasing tax rates" in many countries forced to increase the tax burden to deal with the crisis."It is important that everyone contribute their fair share," notes the organization. The OECD states that the measures against tax evasion reported more than one billion euros in France, Germany 1.8 billion to 1.4 billion U.S., 150 million at the Australia and 260 million in Spain and the UK.

Over 100,000 taxpayers have disclosed their assets (including 30,000 in the United States, 1350 in the UK, 4,700 in France and 25,000 in Germany), she says. The Global Forum on transparency and exchange of information for tax purposes, housed at the OECD brings together 105 countries and territories. This Tuesday and Wednesday to finalize a report on "progress towards fiscal transparency" for the G20 summit to be held in Cannes on November 3 and 4. Other reports are expected on a number of tax havens after the meeting.

In this period of discipline, members of rival imagination to find new fiscal revenues. In pictures, new taxes and cuts tax loopholes included in the proposed Finance Act 2012.

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The lack of progress on the issue continued to Greek drive down European shares Tuesday. Paris has opened a decline of 1.44%. The trading floor in Frankfurt

The lack of progress on the issue continued to Greek drive down European shares Tuesday, all seats have opened lower. After closing sharply down Monday already, Paris began a decline of 1.44%, 1.72% Frankfurt, London and Milan by 1.40% to 1.43%.

Monday the New York Stock Exchange finished at its lowest for over a year: the Dow Jones lost 2.36% and the Nasdaq 3.29%. The Tokyo Stock Exchange ended Tuesday for his part still down (-1.05%), investors also feared a worsening crisis of the Greek debt and worried about the fall of the euro vis-à-vis the yen.

Meeting in Luxembourg, the finance ministers of the euro zone on Monday night decided to postpone decisions regarding new loans crucial to Greece, to which they have requested additional budgetary efforts. "European officials have once again been unable, despite the urgency to take concrete measures, merely simple ideas," said one Paris-based analyst who requested anonymity. "The increasing uncertainty about Greece feeding the search for security" in the financial markets, analysts have estimated the UniCredit in Frankfurt.

More contributions to banks to help Greece

The Paris market was also affected by a precipitous decline in Dexia, which reached up to 37% in early trade, after an extraordinary board left open the possibility of dismantling the Franco-banking group Belgian overtaken by the crisis.

The only concrete step: the second aid plan for Greece, 109 billion euros promised July 21, saw down an obstacle to its implementation. The members of the euro area reached after weeks of procrastination to a compromise on the guarantees requested by Finland in Athens. The new plan could also be modified to be greater involvement of banks, which suffer a discount greater than 21% so far on their claims considered Greek. But those ads were still insufficient to investors.The rest of the Asian stock markets were moving sharply lower Tuesday morning, the euro continued its decline, falling to its lowest level in a decade against the yen.

The market will follow the meeting on Tuesday, from 09am, finance ministers of the entire European Union. No major announcement is expected at the meeting mainly aimed at preparing the summit meeting between finance ministers of the G20 countries scheduled October 13 to 16.

Drawn down by banking stocks, European markets are still concerned about the debt crisis in Europe. Paris loses 2% in mid-day. A passerby looks at stock prices in Tokyo in March 2011.

European shares sank into the red at midday Friday, led by a sharp decline in banking stocks, the debt crisis still being equally felt, just before meeting French President and Prime Minister of Greece. In Paris, a negative analyst of the Swiss bank UBS, which has drastically lowered its price targets for Societe Generale, BNP Paribas and Credit Agricole, who tipped the trend.

After opening up, to 10:20 GMT, Societe Generale and yielded 7.64%, BNP Paribas and Credit Agricole 5.04% 5.20%.In Frankfurt, Deutsche Bank, which is the subject of persistent speculation about a profit warning, lost 7.61% and 4.04% Commerzbank. The statements of the finance minister, Wolfgang Schäuble, to the Bundesrat, is not expected to allay fears. "Our concern is that the situation on financial markets, which is worrying, could lead to a crisis in the financial and banking sector, with a great danger of contagion," he said.

Apart from these bad news for banks, the market was marked by profit taking, investors making final adjustments to their portfolios on the last day of the quarter, told AFP Yves Marc, managing actions in Global Equities. The bad inflation figures in the euro area, retail in Germany, private consumption in Japan and manufacturing activity in China as markets were firing down.After opening slightly down, went down during the growing morning. Towards 11:00 GMT Paris lost 2.06%, 1.69% in London, Frankfurt 2.84%, Milan 1.78% and 1.61% Madrid.

Overall, "the trend is still fragile," said Marc determined. The debt crisis is indeed a major source of concern, while French President Nicolas Sarkozy will meet with Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou at 1500 GMT, to "take stock of the situation with him now facing Greece ". After the meeting, "(…) I have the opportunity to say exactly what is our strategy regarding the support that we need a European country like Greece," said Mr Sarkozy.The statement from the Elysee said that in the eyes of Chancellor Angela Merkel and French President, "It resolved the implementation of decisions taken at the summit of July 21 that will overcome the current difficulties the euro area ".

The three main creditors (European Union, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund) came back from Greece on Thursday in the country, always in the balance, the payment of $ 8 billion a first loan in Athens in May, needed to avoid a default. After the vote of German and Estonian parliaments Thursday, it was the turn of one of Austria to comment Friday on the EFSF.

European shares fell back Wednesday morning, after surging the previous day as investors await details of the measures under consideration to address the crisis of debt in the euro area.

At 10:27, the CAC 40 was down 1.24%, passing below 3,000 points to 2,985.96, having surged 5.75% Tuesday and 8.7% over the last three sessions.

"The market was excited about the ongoing discussions on the European financial stability," said Andrea Williams, at Royal London Asset Management. "But we are still far from agreement (…) We are underweight the banks for three months and we will not change our position."

Other major European markets, London and Frankfurt yield 0.8% 1.2%.Milan lost 0.99%.

The index of pan-European Euro Stoxx 50 was down 1.25%.

Chancellor Angela Merkel suggested Tuesday that the donors of Greece could change the second part rescue plan reached in July.

According to the Financial Times, differences have emerged regarding the agreement. Citing European officials, the newspaper understands that seven countries would like the private holders of Greek bonds spend more provisions.

Cyclical stocks and banks weigh on the trend, after leading the rebound yesterday. The banking index lost 3% in Europe and the auto index 1.9%.

In Paris, BNP Paribas dropped 4% and Societe Generale 4.8%.Credit Agricole sells 3.3% against a backdrop of speculation of imminent announcement.

Analysts expect a reduction in the bank's balance sheet.

The performance of the German government bond (Bund) and 10 years down to 1.93% and the euro is recovering slightly to 1.3610 dollars around.

The deficit in Social Security should be reduced to 14 billion euros in 2012 due to the impact of pension reform and new conservation measures planned for the health branch, said Thursday Valérie Pécresse, the Minister of Budget .

The government on Thursday to present the draft law on financing of Social Security (PLFSS) 2012.

In June, the Commission on Social Security accounts were reduced to 19.5 billion euros deficit in its forecast for this year.

"Our forecast for 2012 is 14 billion deficit.Fourteen billion euros when it was scheduled for 2015, so we have two years ahead, more than two years ahead, "said Valerie Pécresse on France 2.

"For the health sector, the deficit will be less than six billion euros, while we were at 12 billion in 2010," she said.

She said the announced reduction of the deficit by increased revenues related to pension reform and a halving of the deficit of sickness, thanks in part to new savings measures.

This savings plan should include new delisting for about 40 million euros and 600 million in savings on drug prices through price reductions negotiated with pharmaceutical companies.